US tariffs likely to impact Indian seafood shipments adversely: Exporters

Seafood Exporters Association of India (SEAI) president G. Pawan Kumar on Sunday said the announced by US President Donald Trump will have a severe adverse impact on Indian seafood exports to the US market, whose value stood at USD 2.5 billion in 2023-24.

Of the total seafood exports to the US, shrimp accounted for the lion’s share of 92 per cent and India is the largest supplier of shrimp to the US, Kumar said. "This tariff will hurt all stakeholders in the value chain and cause all round distress," Kumar told PTI.

The county will falter in export performance when compared to the South American nation Ecuador, which is levied only a 10 per cent tariff, it is believed. Vietnam with a reciprocal tariff rate of 46 per cent and Indonesia with 32 per cent will concede a massive advantage to the South American country, he said.

According to Vizag-based Kumar, Ecuador is likely to replace India as the largest shrimp supplier to the US market. "It will be difficult for Indian seafood exporters to absorb this margin of 16 per cent and compete with produce from Ecuador. The prevailing margins in this sector are 4-5 per cent only," he said.

The higher tariffs come into effect from 9 April as 2,000 containers of seafood are currently in transit to the US market, he said. Kumar underscored that the that will have to be borne by exporters in India is estimated to be around Rs 600 crore, while an equal number of containers in cold storage are waiting for shipment.

As export orders are on delivery at doorstep basis, the impact of tariff will have to be borne by exporters for goods in transit, said Kumar, adding that this will pose a huge additional burden on shippers.

Further, the requirement of giving a bond and meeting other conditions of the US government will eat into the working capital of the exporters, causing financial distress and cash flow disruptions.

Besides the reciprocal tariffs, Kumar said, there exists a 5.77 per cent countervailing duty and 1.38 per cent anti-dumping duty levied by the US department of commerce on all shrimp imports. "All these have resulted in tightening of margins for exporters in recent times. This levy has come just before the start of the first season of the culture of shrimp," said Kumar.

The uncertainty over the on margins will lead to a lesser number of orders placed with farmers and consequently, the requirements from hatcheries will also remain subdued, he said. The SEAI president requested the Centre to intervene urgently with measures to support the sector until the tariffs are reduced to previous levels, or until a is reached.

Meanwhile, Andhra Pradesh fisheries department joint director Lal Mohammed said the government will organise stakeholders' meetings on how to mitigate the impact of tariffs on the sector.

Other strategies the government is contemplating include educating aquaculture players on breeding other species of fish of equal export value and scouring alternative markets such as China, South Korea, Russia, the European Union, Australia and others.

Mohammed noted that raising domestic consumption, increasing shrimp retail outlets, producing value-added products which are ready to cook and eat, improving quality and declaring antibiotic-free shrimp with traceability, among others will also help.

Andhra Pradesh is a major seafood production hub, where more than 5.7 lakh acres are under aquaculture, led by Eluru, West Godavari and Krishna districts. The Vannamei variety of shrimp is bred in more than 2.5 lakh acres in the state.